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Première approche de la dynamique d'une population de Temora Longicornis O.F. Müler (Copepoda, Calanoida) dans les bassins à flot du port de Dunkerque (France) ArchiMer
Brylinski, Jm.
The wet docks of Dunkirk are 3 to 4 degrees Celcius warmer than the seaboard waters of the North Sea. Such warmth is due to thermic industrial was­te mainly from the E.D.F. power-station. A thermic and saline stratification can be observed that favours heterogeneousness among the populations of Temora lon- gicomis. The samples of copepods taken from the North Sea are significantly bigger than those found in the port of Dunkirk. Differences in size vary in the course of the year. The action of high temperatures upon reproduction is being debated j so is the existence of an autochtonous population in the docks in sum­mer.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Temora longicornis; Milieu portuaire; Température; Biométrie; Dynamique; Temora longicornis; Harbour; Temperature; Biometry; Dynamic.
Ano: 1979 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00305/41656/40865.pdf
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Influence de la température sur la consommation d'oxygène du bar juvénile, Dicentrarchus labrax L. ArchiMer
Bical, C.; Lasserre, P..
This study quantifies the influence of temperature on the respiratory activity of juvenile Dicentrarchus labrax L. The fry were less than one year old and were obtained from the breeding tanks at the C.O.B. (Centre Océanologique de Bretagne). Diminution in the oxygen concentration, during time, within sealed ves­sels was measured with a Clark oxygen electrode (Orbisphere Material modified). Initially the respiratory rate was determined, for acclimatized fishes, as a function of the decrease in the oxygen concentration of the milieu at diffe­rent temperatures (8°, 10°, 15°, 20° and 25°C) and constant salinity 30 %o . The relationship between metabolism and weight, at these temperatures was then established for two different levels of activity "routine" and...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Respiration; Adaptations métaboliques; Méthode confinement; Température; Bar Dicentrarchus Zabrax L.; Respiratory metabolism; Sealed vessel; Temperature; Sea bass Dicentrarchus Zabrax L..
Ano: 1979 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00306/41685/40894.pdf
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Croissance de jeunes palourdes (Venerupis semidecussata) en nurserie et en mer en fonction des conditions d'élevage ArchiMer
Lucas, Albert.
The japanese palourde Venerupis semidecussata was reared in the Bay of Brest, using hatchery reared spat. Experiments were performed with individuals of lenght 2 to 10 mm raised in a nursery, using raceways with slow running water enriched with unicellular algae, And also with individuals of lenght 8 to 20 mm raised at sea in suspended culture. It was observed that growth depends upon four groups of factors : (1) the functioning and equipment of the raceways, (2) the quantity and quality of the food, (3) the temperature and (4) various physico-chemical factors. When the equipment is satisfactory and when the physico-chemical fac­tors are normal for the species in question, the rate of growth depends essen­tially on the quantity of food, provided that the...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Palourde; Venerupis; Bivalves; Croissance; Nourriture; Température; Nurserie; Culture suspendue; Aquaculture; Clam; Venerupis; Bivalves; Growth; Food; Temperature; Nursery; Suspended culture; Aquaculture.
Ano: 1979 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00305/41657/40866.pdf
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Consommation d'oxygene de la crevette japonaise, Penaeus japonicus , en fonction de l'oxygenation du milieu: Effects de la temperature et de l'acclimatation a des conditions ambiantes hypoxiques ArchiMer
Truchot, J; Jouve, D.
Oxygen consumption of juvenile prawns, Penaeus japonicus , was measured during the day at 4 temperatures (23, 26, 30 and 33 degree C) and at various oxygenation levels. For inactive prawns burrowed into sand, respiratory metabolism was maintained almost constant in hypoxia above a critical oxygen pressure of about 30-40 Torr. Data analysis according to a hyperbolic model indicates that the capacity for metabolic regulation was optimal between 26 and 30 degree C. Prawns acclimated 1-2 weeks at 20 degree C in moderate hypoxia (P sub(O2) around 50-55 Torr) showed a reinforced regulation of oxygen consumption when compared to normoxic controls.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Penaeus japonicus; Malacostraca; Juveniles; Respiration; Hypoxia; Dissolved oxygen; Temperature effects; Oxygen consumption; Crevettes Pénaeides; Température; Hypoxie; Métabolisme respiratoire.
Ano: 1983 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1983/acte-1192.pdf
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Comparaison de la respiration chez Ruditapes decussatus (L.) et R. philippinarum (Adams & Reeve) en fonction de la température ArchiMer
Bodoy, Alain; Riva, Alain; Maitre-allain, Thierry.
Measurements of oxygen consumption in the two species Ruditapes decussatus and Ruditapes phi/ippinarum were perfonned using hatchery-reared juveniles, grown under controlled conditions. The temperature range varied from 10 to 30°C. The linear relations between the logarithms of the dry weight and of the oxygen consumption were calculated for each species. Rates were compared in terms of standardized clam tissue weight calculated from the regression of respiration on tissue weight. Such a technique allows to make comparisons between the species by avoiding any interference from the variations in individual weight. Within this range of temperature, oxygen consumption of R. philippinarum and of R. decussatus exhibit the same variations, with a maximum at...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Temperature; Oxygen consumption; Ruditapes philippinarum; Ruditapes decussatus; Température; Consommation oxygène; Ruditapes philippinarum; Ruditapes decussatus.
Ano: 1986 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1986/publication-2963.pdf
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Impact des facteurs anthropiques sur le recrutement de l'huître : l'exemple du bassin d'Arcachon ArchiMer
His, Edouard; Robert, Rene.
"Il est impossible d'imaginer un lieu plus favorable à l'ostréiculture que le bassin d'Arcachon" (Yonge, 1950). En effet, l'huître indigène, Ostrea edulis, et l'espèce plus récemment introduite, Crassostrea gigas, peuvent s'y reproduire en abondant. Si l'exploitation de la première a pris fin à la suite de deux épizooties consécutives, la seconde est l'objet d'une culture intensive dont la production annuelle est d'environ 12 000 tonnes de mollusques commercialisés. Des anomalies ont sévi dans la baie, de 1977 à 1981, rendant les récoltes de naissain pratiquement sensibles aux facteurs d'agression, et ont même été proposées par Woelke (1967) comme matériel biologique, afin de tester la qualité des eaux en zone littorale. La technique des élevages larvaires...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Bassin d'Arcachon; Crassostrea gigas; Larves; Température; Nutrition; Bioessais; Facteurs anthropiques.
Ano: 1987 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00019/13055/10013.pdf
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Cycle annuel de mesures physiques dans le milieu récepteur marin. Mouillage T.O. dans la grande rade de Toulon. Programme rejets urbains. Volet Méditerranée ArchiMer
Thouvenin, Benedicte; Romana, L. A.; Loarer, Ronan; Joly, R..
This report is a compilation of current, wind, temperature and salinity measurements carried out during one and a half years, in the bay of Toulon, near the Sainte Marguerite sea outfall.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Mesures; Courants; Température; Salinité; Météorologie; Toulon; Méditerranée; Measurements; Currents; Temperature; Salinity; Meteorology; Toulon; Mediterranean sea.
Ano: 1988 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00432/54351/58914.pdf
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Influence de la température sur la physiologie de l'huître Crassostrea ArchiMer
Le Gall, Jean-luc; Raillard, Olivier.
After four weeks' stabulation, at temperatures ranging from 30°C to 10°C for a given level of food (2.10 cells of Chaetoceros calcitrans.1(-1) ), a study of the growth and evolution of the biochemical contents of the oyster Crassostrea gigas showed a negative effect of high (30°C) and low (10°C) temperatures on growth; levels of total glucid and glycogen were inversely proportional to temperature and related to gametogenesis. At the same time measurements of the filtration rate, respiration and food consumption done at different levels of food (10(6) to 8.10(7) cells.1(-1) showed a better adaptation of the oysters to 20°C after one month.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Filtration rate; Respiration; Food; Temperature; Crassostrea gigas; Filtration; Respiration; Nourriture; Température.
Ano: 1988 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1988/publication-2871.pdf
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Caracteristiques topographiques et thermiques d'un site de ponte majeur de la tortue verte Chelonia mydas dans l'Ocean Indien sud-ouest: Europa ArchiMer
Le Gall, Jean-yves; Taquet, Marc; Cluet, Denis; Biais, Gerard.
The beach of the meteorological station of Europa Island (Indian Ocean S.W.) is a major nesting site for the green turtle. Altimetric distribution of nests on the beach is such than 95 % of nests are laid in the band located between 1.25 and 3 m above the mean level of upper tides. Nest density is a function of adult females number and varies from 0.175 to 0.043 nest/m2 for the two analyzed nesting seasons. Ground temperatures at 60 cm and 100 cm depth range from 22 (winter) to, 30°C (summer). Interannual variability of ground temperature at same depth (incubation depth) is 1.5° C from extreme hot to cold years. These intra and interannual variations are supposed to have an effect upon the sex-ratio of hatchlings
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Tortue verte; Chelonia mydas; Ponte; Distribution; Température; Incubation; Green turtle; Chelonia mydas; Nest; Distribution; Temperature; Incubation.
Ano: 1988 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00113/22407/20104.pdf
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Un modèle empirique du recrutement pour le stock de coquilles Saint Jacques, Pecten maximus (L.) en baie de Saint-Brieuc (Manche, France) ArchiMer
Fifas, Spyros; Dao, Jean-claude; Boucher, Jean.
This paper proposes an empirical model for the recruitment of the scallop stock, Pecten maximus (L.), in Saint-Brieuc Bay (English Channel, France). This stock shows important fluctuations in recruitment. The use of traditional models for fish population dynamics based upon an equilibrium state were inadéquate. This model includes three independent variables: spawning biomass, effects of fishing effort on the unexploited year classes, and temperature. Correlations between these expressions of independent parameters and recruitment are systematically analysed. The choice of the final model relies on minimization of the total variance unexplained portion. Introduction of fishing pattern into the model is realized by testing fishing effort effects upon two...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Recrutement; Modèle empirique; Pecten maximus; Température; Biomasse féconde; Effort de pêche; Recruitment; Empirical model; Pecten maximus; Temperature; Spawning biomass; Fishing effort.
Ano: 1990 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00189/30069/28557.pdf
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Température et salinité dans l'Aber Benoît et l'Aber Wrach été 1991, rapport de mesures ArchiMer
Merceron, Michel; Gaffet, Jean-dominique.
This report displays the data of temperature and salinity from the records performed in the Aber Wrach and Aber Benoît estuaries during the summer 1991. This work was decided after a massive oyster kill in the Aber Benoît estuary.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Brittany; Estuary; Salinity; Temperature; Bretagne; Estuaire; Salinité; Température.
Ano: 1991 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1991/rapport-2659.pdf
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L’environnement, les ressources et les pêcheries de la ZEE mauritanienne OceanDocs
Girardin, M.; Chavance, P..
Les traits majeurs de l’environnement de la ZEE mauritanienne sont décrits dans le premier chapitre, tandis que le second trace les caractéristiques essentielles de l’écobiologie des espèces susceptibles d’être la cible de flottilles. Ces deux premières parties ont pour but de définir le cadre naturel dans le quel évoluent les flottilles de pêche. Ces dernières sont décrites dans un troisième chapitre en retenant leurs caractéristiques essentielles dépouillées des éléments jugés conjoncturels et anecdotiques. En conclusion, le document s'efforce de tirer quelques enseignements utiles à la recherche et à la gestion.
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Régime hydrologique; Température; Environnement; Cadre sédimentologique; Pêche artisanale; Cadre géomorphologique; Pêcheries industrielles; Ressources démersales; ZEE; Upwelling; Cadre géographique; Zone Economique Exclusive; Salinité; Masses d’eau; Courants; Mauritanie; Ressources pélagiques; Environments.
Ano: 1991 URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/517
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Influence of early thermic and photoperiodic control on growth and smoltification in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) ArchiMer
Gaignon, Jean-louis; Quemener, Loic.
Atlantic salmon juveniles were subjected to a precocious (day 104 after first feeding) photoperiodic (P) and thermic (T) control. After rearing the fry at 16 degrees C, constant (16 hours of light and 8 hours of darkness, 16 degrees C) (C) and shortened simulated natural S photoperiod and temperature regimes were used in a factorial experimental design until transfer to seawater. The growth obtained with constant (C) regimes was better than with S regimes. In all cases, we observed very early (day 141, mid-June) a clear segregation of the population into two different subpopulations. Among the conditions, all the differences between the upper and lower modes were growth-dependent. We observed different developmental trends of the gill (Na+-K+)-ATPase...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Photopériode; Température; Smolts 0+; Saumon atlantique; Photoperiod; Temperature; 0(+) smolts; Atlantic salmon.
Ano: 1992 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00190/30159/28746.pdf
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Réseau de surveillance du phytoplancton (REPHY). Observations sur le bassin d'Arcachon de 1987 à 1990 ArchiMer
Masson, Nadine.
Grâce au réseau de surveillance du phytoplancton  (REPHY) mis en place en 1984, une importante banque de données s'est constituée. L'étude quantitative et qualitative de la flore observée de 1987 à 1990 dans le bassin d'Arcachon permet de montrer les variations suivantes. En ce qui concerne le phytoplancton, Ces quatre années de sécheresse sont dans l'ensemble pauvres et peu contrastées mais montrent tout de même des schémas saisonniers similaires à ceux décrits par les précédents auteurs. Une alternance est observée avec 1987 et 1989 plus pauvres que 1988 et 1990. 1987 et 1989 sont aussi marquées par une sécheresse plus importante et par conséquent de fortes salinités et de faibles apports en sels azotés. D'un point de vue qualitatif, les diatomées...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: REPHY; Bassin d'Arcachon; Phytoplancton; Chlorophylle a; Température; Salinité; Sels nutritifs.
Ano: 1994 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00427/53833/54837.pdf
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A propos des problèmes de captage de naissain de moules (Mytilus edulis L.) dans le Pertuis Breton de 1989 à 1991 : observations préliminaires ArchiMer
Dardignac, Marie-jose; Prou, Jean.
A retrospective study has been carried out on the possible relationships between the spat recruitment of mussels from the Pertuis Breton (France) and some environmental factors at different periods of the year. A significant negative correlation between recruitment and temperature has been found at two periods of the reproductive cycle; the first one coinciding with gametogenesis and the second one taking place just before spawning. But, no relation was noticed with temperature or salinity during the plantonic stage. These results are discussed. An interesting relationship was found between recruitment and "E.T.P.", an index expressing the drying power of air, taking into account temperature, wind, sunshine and moistness. Dessication appears to be...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Charente Maritime; Pertuis Breton; ETP; Salinité; Température; Estimation biomasse; Mytilus edulis; Moules; Captage.
Ano: 1995 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1995/publication-3826.PDF
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Etude des relations allométriques de l'huître plate (Ostrea edulis) relatives à la filtration et à la sonsommation d'oxygène en fonction de la température ArchiMer
Haure, Joel; Baud, Jean-pierre; Bougrier, Serge.
Introducing new species for shellfish farming is essential for expanding farmers' markets and for minimising the pathological risks that endangers professional marine aquaculture activities, which traditionally rely on only one species. Ifremer's Aquaculture and Pathological Genetics (GAP) laboratory participates in the mollusc genetics network (REGEMO). Since 1989, this network has been carrying out a selection programme for resistance or tolerance to Bonamia ostreae in European flat oysters (Ostrea edulis) to revitalize cultivation of this species on a national level.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Température; Oxygène; Filtration; Ostrea edulis; Allométrie.
Ano: 1997 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1997/acte-3254.pdf
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La Reproduction naturelle et contrôlée des bivalves cultivés en France. -Rapport de Groupe de Travail- IFREMER/Nantes/France, 14 et 15 novembre 1995 ArchiMer
Devauchelle, Nicole; Barret, Jean; Salaun, Gilles.
This report compiles 17 short and illustrated syntheses concerning the natural strategies of reproduction and the artificial control of the reproductive process for the flat oyster, Ostrea edulis, the japanese oyster, Crassostrea gigas, the mussels, Mytilus edulis and My ti/us galloprovincialis, the scallop, Pecten maximus. An additional syntheses is presented, as a comparison within molluscs, which are the main research topics at IFREMER concerning the artificial control of the reproductive processes in Marine Fish. Three main subjects are documented : 1. the ecophysiology of the natural period of reproduction in the wild, 2. the methods developed in the hatcheries for the artificial control of the reproductive periods, the gametes collection and the...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Bivalves; Stratégie de reproduction; Contrôle artificiel; Gonades; Gamètes; Coquille St Jacques; Moules; Huîtres; Nourriture; Photopériode; Température; Biologie; Physiologie; Biochimie.; Bivalves; Reproductive strategy; Artificial induction of reproduction; Gonads; Gametes; Scallop; Mussels; Oysters; Food; Light; Temperature; Biology; Physiology; Biochemistry..
Ano: 1997 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00043/15441/12811.pdf
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Influence de la température sur la filtration et la consommation d'oxygène de l'huître plate Ostrea edulis: détermination des coefficients allométriques ArchiMer
Haure, Joel; Penisson, Christian; Bougrier, Serge; Baud, Jean-pierre.
La filtration et la consommation d'oxygène d'Ostrea edulis ont été mesurées à différentes températures (10°-30°C) sur des individus de 5 à 120g de poids total (0,1 à 2,7g de poids sec) et hors période de gamétogénèse. Pour chaque température, la relation allométrique entre la réponse physiologique et le poids sec de l'animal (W) a été estimée selon la relation: y=aWb. Un modèle statistique est proposé pour expliquer la filtration ou la consommation d'oxygène (y) en fonction de la température (T) et du poids sec de l'animal (W): y=[a+(b.cT)]. Wd.d est égal à 0,62 pour la filtration et à 0,74 pour la consommation d'oxygène. Les deux fonctions physiologiques augmentent avec l'élévation de la température et atteignent leur maximum à 30°C ( Filtration:...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Filtration; Consommation oxygène; Poids sec; Température; Ostrea edulis.
Ano: 1998 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00048/15886/13308.pdf
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Influence de la température sur l'affinage contrôlé de l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas ArchiMer
Baud, Jean-pierre; Mornet, Christelle; Palvadeau, Hubert; Haure, Joel.
L'objectif principal de cette étude est de quantifier l'influence de la température de l'eau d'élevage sur la qualité finale de l'affinage contrôlé de l'huître creuse, Crassostrea gigas. L'expérience, d'une durée de 35 jours est donc basée sur la maîtrlise de la température et de l'apport en nourriture phytoplanctonique. Les paramètres physico-chimiques sont contrôlés quotidiennement dans quatre bacs à températures différentes (6, 10, 14 et 18°C). Le gain en chair est mesuré à l'aide d'indices de condition calculés à partir des poids totaux, secs et frais mesurés toutes les semaines. L'analyse des résultats montre un meilleur affinage à 14°C : A cette température le poids sec de chair est multiplié par 2,7 ; l' indice AFNOR atteint 13,4; les sucres totaux...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Affinage; Eau salée souterraine; Glycogène; Température.
Ano: 1998 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00048/15883/13305.pdf
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Global expressions for seasonal temperatures of the sea surface and ambient air - The influence of tidal currents and water depth ArchiMer
Prandle, D.
A 'single point' coupled ocean-atmosphere model is formulated to study seasonal temperature cycles with particular application to shelf seas. The simplified atmospheric module is consistent with the physical processes described by Gill [4] while the vertical exchange of heat in the ocean module is determined via a turbulence closure model. The various empirical coefficients in the atmospheric module were determined by fitting the model output to North Atlantic observational data over the latitude range 0 degrees to 65 degrees N. The model is then applied to the shallow, strongly tidal North Sea. The general validity of the model is demonstrated, thereby indicating that the seasonal cycles of the sea surface, T-s, and ambient air, T-a, are generally...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Température; Cycle annuel; Couplage océan-atmosphère; Mer bordière; Mer du Nord; Temperature; Annual cycle; Atmosphere-ocean coupling; Shelf seas; North Sea.
Ano: 1998 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00325/43665/43205.pdf
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